Chapter 5. Integument
What type of tissue is the integument? Give some other names for integument. Is it a membrane? If so, what type? How does it differ from other membranes?
List the 4 major.functions and how each is accomplished.
Parts – functions of parts (epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous, hair, nails, glands types and funcitons, vitamins, melanin)
Keratinazation
Vascularization of dermis
How does the integument protect against UV light, bacteria, mechanical abrasion, water loss. etc.?
List the 5 primary skin sensations. What is the function of ‘sensation’?
List the 6 dendritic nerve endings in the integument – what does ‘dendrite’ mean?
List the 4 ways that heat is lost from the body. What is the role of water in thermoregulation? List and describe all the characteristics of water and how each plays a role in thermoregulation.
How does the skin thermoregulate the body? How doe arterioles in the skin respond to cold; to stress; to heat; etc. How about prolonged exposure to intense cold? Why do they do this?
How do we use these modes of heat transfer in our daily lives? Where do we use heat in our homes? Think about the ‘burn injuries’ that people get – how is the energy transferred.
What is meant by ‘secretion’? What are the two types of secretory glands in the body? List the secretions of the integument, the characteristics and the function of each.
List the secretory organs of the integument.
What are the minor skin functions? What vitamins does it produce? How is the skin an excretory organ?
Define lumen, tunica – give examples
List the two divisions of the skin. What separates the two? What do you find below the inner division?
What are the layers, IN ORDER, of the external division? What are the functions and the characteristics of each layer? Which makes skin waterproof? Why?
How does ‘tissue repair’ affect the integumentary system? Compare and contrast ‘scar’ tissue with viable skin. What is scar tissue made of?
Describe the connective tissues associated with each division.
Define papillary region, reticular region, hair, hair root, epidermal sheath, dermal sheath, papillae of the hair, root hair plexus, hair follicle, Cortex, medulla; medulla of the hair, cortex of the hair, cuticle, keratin, erector pilli muscle. Finger/toe nail. Describe the function(s) of each.
Define hypodermis, subcutaneous. How are they different? What is the function of each? What tissues make up each?
List the types of sweat glands. Give examples of each and where found.
List the 4 types of Burns and the characteristics of each.
What is the ‘Rule of Nines’.
Define erythmatose; hypoesthetic, hyperesthetic.
How skin changes with aging
How skin interacts with other systems.
From 030228 – basic for ALL system reviews
What is an epithelial surface? What are the characteristics? What are the different types of epithelial surfaces? What different types of cells – cell shape and function? What are the 4 types of membranes? Where does the integumentary system fit into this grouping? What are the characteristics of each type membrane?
How are the different types of connective tissue used in the integumentary system?
How are the different types of muscle tissue used in the integumentary system?
6 different proteins in/on the cell membrane? What does each do?
Protein synthesis? Where does it occur? Describe it.
Characteristics of water? How does the human body use each characteristic to help maintain homeostasis? Which characteristics specifically support the integumentary system?
Cellular transport mechanisms. Or how/why things move between one location and another – i.e. diffusion, osmosis, etc. Know how each functions, how each is different from the others, how each is affected by the cell membrane. Define semi-permeable membrane. How do these mechanisms affect the integumentary system?
What type of immune system cells are found in the integumentary system? What types of defenses does the integumentary system have?
Define stress. What are some things that stress the integumentary system?