How did scientists discover that Genes are made of DNA. How many scientists contributed to this discovery?

Name the scientists that worked on DNA and the structure of genes.

Who was Griffith, Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin? Who was Linus Pauling? What is each famous for?

How did streptococcus pneumonia play a role in DNA structure development?

What is the structure of DNA?

What are the Four nucleotides that make up DNA? What is each nucleotide made up of? Describe each nucleotide- its components.

Describe a phosphate group, a deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base.

How are the four nucleotides related?

What is meant by Complementary Base pairs?

Who proposed that DNA is a double helix? Describe a double helix. How are the ‘backbones’ of each strand connected? What type of bond holds 'em together? What are the components of the ‘backbones’? Where are the nitrogenous bases? Describe the structure of the DNA molecule. DRAW the structure.

How can only 4 nucleotides contain all that info? Explain MATHMATICALLY how only 4 nucleotides can be arranged in more than 1M different sequences in only 10 nucleotides?

The ORDER is important.

A sequence only 10 nucleotides long has more than 10^6 possibilities (4^10)

What is DNA Replication? When does it occur? What are the limiting factors? How many times will DNA replicate itself per cell division event?

What does Replication produce?

What is DNA Helicase, DNA polyermase, DNA repair enzymes, DNA ligase? Which forms the ‘replication bubble’? What is the function of the Replication bubbles. What is the function of each?

What are Free nucleotides, where are they located? What is their function? What type of bonds do they form.

What is a ‘complementary DNA’?

How many mistakes are typically present in a DNA molecule following DNA replication? Why so few?

What is a ‘Gene’, Chromosome, triplet, codon, anticodon,